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What is the heat treatment process for duplex stainless steel pipes
1. Core Process: Solution Treatment (Annealing)
Temperature Control: Heat to 1000 - 1100℃ (for 2205 duplex steel, it is 1050℃), ensuring that the ratio of ferrite to austenite is approximately 1:1, thereby enhancing corrosion resistance and toughness.
Heating Time: Calculated based on the pipe wall thickness (1mm/2 - 3 minutes), to ensure that alloy elements are fully dissolved and to prevent the formation of carbides.
Cooling Method: Water cooling or rapid air cooling to prevent excessive ferrite formation during heating, which could lead to increased brittleness.
II. Handling under Special Conditions
Stress relief annealing: After cold processing (deformation > 15%), it is necessary to heat at 300-350℃ for 2 hours to eliminate residual stress and prevent stress corrosion cracking.
Post-weld heat treatment: If the welded joint needs to restore its corrosion resistance, it should undergo re-solution treatment; if overall heat treatment is not possible, local high-frequency induction heating (temperature ≥ 1000℃) combined with water cooling can be used.
III. Key Points of Prohibition and Control
Temperature： Avoid staying for a long time at 475℃ (the ferrite embrittlement temperature) and 700-950℃ (the σ phase precipitation range)， otherwise the toughness will drop sharply.
Atmosphere requirements： The heat treatment should be carried out in an inert gas (such as argon) or vacuum environment to prevent surface oxidation and decarburization， which would affect the corrosion resistance.
IV. Typical Process Example (Taking 2205 Duplex Steel as an Example)
Heat to 1050℃, with a heating rate of ≤ 10℃/min;
Hold for 30 minutes (for a pipe with φ108mm × 5mm);
Immediately immerse in water for quenching, and cool to room temperature;
Test the ratio (with 45% - 55% austenite being qualified); if not in compliance, reprocess is required.
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