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What are the physical properties of sanitary-grade stainless steel pipe fittings at low temperatures
The sanitary-grade stainless steel pipe fittings possess excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, low-temperature strength and mechanical properties; they are corrosion-resistant in the air and are suitable for food processing, storage and transportation. They also have good processing performance and weldability.
Physical properties characteristics of sanitary-grade stainless steel fittings at low temperatures:
1. Low-temperature processing: This method involves quenching martensitic series stainless steel from the austenitized temperature and then cooling it to an extremely low temperature to promote the formation of martensite. It is suitable for stainless steels that are prone to residual austenite during production. Regarding the low-temperature state, ferritic stainless steel fittings exhibit low-temperature brittleness similar to that of carbon steel, while austenitic steel does not.
Therefore, ferritic or martensitic stainless steel fittings undergo low-temperature embrittlement while austenitic steel or nickel-based alloys do not show low-temperature brittleness; ferritic stainless steel fittings such as SUS410 (13Cr) and SUS430 (18Cr) show a sharp decrease in impact values at low temperatures.
Thus, when using at low temperatures, it is necessary to pay special attention. As a method to improve the impact toughness of the martensitic series stainless steel, a high-purity process can be considered; by controlling the levels of C and N, the embrittlement temperature can be improved within the range of -50°C to -100°C, and it may be possible to use it in engineering related to freezing.
In recent years, SUS430LX (18Cr-Ti, Nb-LC) and SUS436L (18Cr-Mo-Ti, Nb-LC) have been applied to the tubes of freezing equipment.
2. Low-temperature embrittlement: In a low-temperature environment, the deformation energy is small. In a low-temperature environment, the phenomenon of reduced elongation and cross-sectional contraction is called low-temperature embrittlement; it mostly occurs in the body-centered cubic structure of the martensitic series.
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